Miroslav Šašinka, Katarína Furková
Recently the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has markedly increased and thus also chronic renal failure including terminal stage requiring active treatment (dialysis/transplantation). It means that the treatment was not able to slow down or sufficiently stop progression of CKD in spite of the fact that many new therapeutic methods have appeared. That is why the authors have tried to summarize the advancement in CKD therapy related to better understanding of pathophysiology of arterial hypertension, acidosis, activation of thrombotic mechanisms and other risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, disorders of calcium and phosphate metabolism, recently discovered cytokine system components and importance of dietary measures. They also draw attention to new promising drugs (bardoxolone, pirfenidone, endothelin antagonists, and advanced protein glycation inhibitors) which after a serious verification according to evidence based medicine can be able to improve life quality of patients with CKD.