Téma: 

Athlete´s heart. physiologic limits, differential diagnostics and risk of sudden death

Juraj Dúbrava

Athlete´s heart is typically characterized by an increase in left ventricular mass of up to 45 % and an increase in wall thickness and left ventricular cavity size up to 20 %. Specific phenotype in terms of concentric remodeling, eccentric hypertrophy or concentric hypertrophy differs in individual sports and it depends on the ratio of strength and endurance training. Systolic and diastolic ventricular function is always normal in athlete´s heart. It is necessary to distinguish mainly hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which is the most frequent cause of sudden death in athletes. The main problem is the „gray zone“ between both entities. The problem of athlete´s heart is not rare in cardiologic practice and there exists the possibility of diagnostic failure. Needless „alibistic“ prohibition of competitive sport with the loss of profession as well the overlooking of serious heart disease with the risk of sudden death on the other hand must be avoided. This overview characterizes from the practical point of view athlete´s heart including physiologic limits, differential diagnostics and the risk of sudden death.

Ročník 2009  Témy časopisu Cardiology for practice 1 / 2009

CHAIRMAN OF THE EDITORIAL BOARD
doc. MUDr. Oľga Jurkovičová, CSc.

CHIEF CONSULTANT
prof. MUDr. Robert Hatala, PhD., FESC

MEMBERS OF THE EDITORIAL BOARD
MUDr. Peter Dědič
MUDr. Juraj Dúbrava, PhD., FESC
MUDr. Viliam Fridrich, PhD.
doc. MUDr. Ján Kmec, PhD.
MUDr. Gabriela Kaliská, PhD., FESC
MUDr. Pavol Lesný
MUDr. Monika Kaldarárová, PhD.
MUDr. Peter Margitfalvi
prof. MUDr. Daniel Pella, PhD.
prof. MUDr. Iveta Šimková, CSc., FESC
MUDr. Viera Vršanská, CSc.

PROFESSIONAL EDITOR
MUDr. Juraj Dúbrava, PhD., FESC

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1. An accurate paper title, names and surnames of all authors including academic titles, authors` workplace. The first author address including the phone number, fax and e-mail address.
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3. Key words - in the extent of 3-6 (just at overview papers, From borderline of cardiology).
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6. Bibliography
Citations are numbered chronologically in bold, references in the text are stated by the number of citations in parentheses. Use maximum 30 citations.

Examples of citations:
1. Shaheen NJ, Crosby NA, Bozymski EM, et al. Is there publication bias in the reporting cancer risk in Barrett´ esophagus? Gastroenterology 2000; 119: 333-338.
2. Stenestrand U, Wallentin L. Swedish Register of Cardiac Intensive Care (RIKS-HIA): Early statin treatment following acute myocardial infarction and 1-year survival. JAMA 2001; 285: 430-436.
3. LIPID Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 1349-1357.
4. Jurkovičová O, Spitzerová H, Cagáň S. Komorové arytmie a náhla srdcová smrť pri akútnom infarkte myokardu. Bratisl Lek Listy 1997; 98: 379-389.
5. Osborne BE. The electrocardiogram of the rat. In: Budden R, Detweiler DK, Zbinden G. The rat electrocardiogram in pharmacology and toxicology. Oxford: Pergamon Press 1981: 15-27.

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In which patients, after overcoming of a thromboembolic cerebral or peripheral event, the least suitable catheter closure is foramen ovale patents:
a. a woman before planned pregnancy
b. paroxysmal fibrillation of the atrium
c. aneurysm of the atrium septum
d. origination of an event after cough

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