Zbynek Schroner, Vladimír Uličiansky
Insulin treatment is a basic pillar of complex care of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus are life-dependent on exogenous insulin administration. Due to progressive dysfunction of pancreatic B-cells, which is a key feature of type 2 diabetes, insulin therapy is often necessary in these patients. In relation to insulin therapy, at present some questions are discussed, mainly the most suitable initial insulin regimen preferably in type 2 diabetics, insulin combination with other antidiabetics, oncologic and cardiovascular safety of insulin. Research is ongoing, especially in the area of new insulin analogues which more closely match normal physiologic insulin secretion. Non-injectable forms of insulin are also perspectives of insulin treatment.